Also, Croatians and Bosnians look so different from any Persian out there, so I don't know Europeans could descend from Persians. [60] Omeljan Pritsak considered early Croats a clan of Alan-Iranian origin which during the "Avarian pax" had frontiersman-merchant social role,[61] while R. Katii considered that there's not enough evidence that the non-Slavic Croats ruled as an elite class over Slavs who were under the rule of Avars. [27] However, STR-based calculations give overestimated dates,[28][29] and more specifically, the cluster is represented by a single SNP, I-PH908, known as I2a1a2b1a1a1c in ISOGG phylogenetic tree (2019), and according to YFull YTree it formed and had TMRCA approximately 1,850-1,700 YBP. [20] This cultural and romanticist idea was especially promoted by the national Illyrian Movement and their leader Ljudevit Gaj in the 19th century. [56][53] It is the oldest European haplogroup (coalescence age circa 50,000 YBP) and its subclade U5 makes the majority of the haplogroup diversity in Europe. The Croats trace their history to the 6th and 7th-century southwards migration of the Slavs, which is supported by anthropological, genetical, and ethnological studies. [123] Other IBD and admixture studies also found even patterns of admixture events among South, East and West Slavs at the time and area of Slavic expansion, and that the shared ancestral Balto-Slavic component among South Slavs is between 55-70%. [15] Similarly, Thomas the Archdeacon in his work Historia Salonitana mentions that seven or eight tribes of nobles, which he called "Lingones", arrived from Poland and settled in Croatia under Totila's leadership. Constantine VII does not identify Croats with Slavs, nor does he point to differences between them. [2] [10] In Bosnian Croats the frequency was the same as among the Croats from Croatia (8.9%). Technically, the law is clear on this. As Slovenian population does not form Southeast Europe cluster it is considered a possible input from different migration waves of Slavs in the Middle Ages. WebThe definition of Croatian ethnogenesis begins with the definition of ethnicity, [1] according to which an ethnic group is a socially defined category of people who identify with each other based on common ancestral, social, cultural or other experience, and which shows a certain durability over the long period term of time. Croatia: Religious affiliation Zagreb There is traditionally a close correlation between ethnic identity and religious affiliation. [37] A revision of the theory, developed by Ivan Mui,[33] argues that Slavic migration from the north did happen, but the actual number of Slavic settlers was small and that the autochthonous ethnic substratum was prevalent in the formation of the Croats, but that contradicts and doesn't answer the presence of predominant Slavic language. 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Final, and Zupan et al < br > < br > < br [15] It developed among the Dalmatian humanists,[20] and was also considered by early modern writers, like Matija Petar Katani, Mavro Orbini and Pavao Ritter Vitezovi. Croatians now follow a unique, and slightly complex structuring, lettering, naming custom and composition, which is similar to most of the European naming systems. [127][126] The region had a specific role in the structuring of European, and particularly among Slavic, paternal genetic heritage, characterized by the predominance of R1a and I, and scarcity of E lineages. (2015), Genetic structure within European context according to three genetic systems atDNA (A), YDNA (B) and mtDNA (C) per Kushniarevich et al. Iranians are Indo-European, but not slavic. [12][15] Their frequency show northsouth gradiation and an opposite frequency distribution to the haplogroup I-P37.2,[21] and the highest frequency is observed in the northern, central and eastern Croatia. [31][41], Some scholars like Nada Klai considered that Thomas the Archdeacon despised Slavs/Croats and that wanted to depreciate them as barbarians with Goths identification, however, until the time of Renaissance the Goths were seen as noble barbarians compared to Huns, Avars, Vandals, Langobards, Magyars and Slavs, and as such he would not identify them with the Goths. Population genetics is a scientific discipline which contributes to the examination of the human evolutionary and historical migrations.

[11] The northern and the western parts of that sea were steppes and plains, while the modern Croatian islands (rich in Paleolithic archeological sites) were hills and mountains.
Croatian population is closest to Bosnia and Herzegovina, Hungary and Slovenia. (2009) already observed highest variance of the haplogroup in Ukraine, and Zupan et al. [52] The almost final, and more in detail picture was given by Slovenian academic Ljudmil Hauptmann in 1935. Croats in Kosovo are descendants from traders and miners from Dubrovnik and Bosnia and Herzegovina who moved there in the 14th century. Jay Grdina pornographic film actor. However, in comparison to older research which argued a prehistoric autochthonous origin of the contemporary haplogroup I2 in Croatia and the Balkans,[nb 1] Battaglia et al. [38] The assumptions that the Illyrians were an ethnolinguistic homogeneous entity were rejected in the 20th century, and according to the scholars who support the Danube basin hypothesis of the Slavic homeland, it is considered that some proto-Slavic tribes existed even before the Slavic migration in the Southeastern Europe. [40][64], According to 2005 and 2006 autosomal STR marker studies the most isolated islands were Korula,[65] and Susak. [43] A 2016 whole exome sequencing study of 176 individuals from the island of Vis confirmed the isolate status of the island's population, and revealed the "pattern of loss-of-function mutations, which resembles the trails of adaptive evolution". [112] According to the 2015 NASU study, medieval burial grounds in Zelenche of Ternopil Oblast and in Halych region in Western Ukraine have "anthropological peculiarities" because of which are different from the near sites of Early Slavic tribes of Volhynians, Tivertsi and Drevlians, and closest "to several distant [medieval] populations of the part of the Western and Southern Slavs (Czechs, Lusatian Slavs, Moravians, and the Croatians). WebCroatian emigrants and their descendants - gov.hr Croatians living abroad Croatian emigrants and their descendants Croatian diaspora What is typical of all Croatian emigrantswhether they live overseas or in immediate vicinity of their homelandis that they want to cooperate with their homeland. 2014 IBD analysis also found "multi-directional admixture events among East Europeans (both Slavic and non-Slavic), dated to around 1,0001,600 YBP" which coincides with "the proposed time-frame for the Slavic expansion". [54] The highest frequency in Croatia observed in population of island Korula (60.2%), Susak (66%) and Mljet (73.5%),[53][55] while lowest frequency in islands Cres (27.7%),[56] and Hvar (27.8%). [94][71] Alimov additionally argues that the Croats "lived originally in the territory of the Carpathian Basin, being closely connected with the Avars, but then had to leave it, taking cover from the Avars behind mountain ranges [Dalmatian, Alpine, Silesian and Carpathian]", possibly due to conflict with the Avars as Kubrat's supporters in 630s. The traditions of Central Europe and the Mediterranean are very much alive in the kitchens of Croatia. [115][116] The distribution, variance and frequency of the I2 and R1a subclades (>60%) among Croats are related to the medieval Slavic expansion, probably from the territory of present day Ukraine and Southeastern Poland. [10][15][16], The region of modern-day Croatia was part of a wider Balkan region which may have served as one of several refugia during the LGM, a source region for the recolonization of Europe during the post-glacial period and Holocene (10,000 years ago). The data from Y-DNA and autosomal DNA suggests that the Croats mostly are descendants of the Slavs from medieval migration period, according to mtDNA have genetic diversity which fits within a broader European maternal genetic landscape, and overall have a uniformity with other South Slavs from the territory of former Yugoslavia.

[13][21] The eastern Adriatic coast was much further south. Technically, the law is clear on this. [56] In islands Mljet and Lastovo is between 4.4 and 5.9%, while in Dubrovnik is almost absent (0.6%). Specifically, the haplogroup E's subclade probably arose locally in the Balkan not earlier than 8,000-10,000 years ago. Croatia: Religious affiliation Zagreb There is traditionally a close correlation between ethnic identity and religious affiliation. [52][34] He considered that Iranian Croats, after the Huns invasion around 370 when the Huns crossed the Volga river and attacked the Iranian Alans at the Don river, abandoned their initial Sarmatian lands and arrived among the Slavs at the waste lands north of Carpathians, where they gradually Slavicized. [23][15], In the late 19th century, the most significant impact on the future historiography had Franjo Raki, and the intellectual and political circle around Josip Juraj Strossmayer. [27][45] The idea was argued with the Gothic suffix mre (mer, famous) found among the names of Croatian dukes on stone and written inscriptions, as well Slavic suffix slav (famous), and that mer eventually was changed with mir (peace) because the Slavs twisted the interpretation of the names according their language. Claire Dubrey actress (father was from Dalmatia) Jenna Elfman television and movie actress (of partial Croatian descent; niece of Tony Butala) Judah Friedlander actor and comedian (mother of Croatian descent) Mira Furlan television and film actress. [47] During World War II, the Gothic theory, as well as Pan-Slavic during Yugoslavia, was the only supported theory by the regime of NDH. [95][96][97], Historians and archaeologists until now concluded that Avars never lived in Dalmatia proper (including Lika) yet somewhere in Pannonia,[98][99] there is lack of authentic early Avar archaeological findings within Croatia which doesn't support thesis about elite warriors, the Croatian ethnonym is recorded on the territory of Avar Khaganate several centuries after its end,[100] and that Turkic ethnic component in Croatian ethnogenesis was negligible,[101] while the late migration theory since 1970s is criticized and rejected by mainstream scholarship because is misinterpreting archaeological data which shows 7th century Slavic-Croatian migration and settlement, there wasn't any detectable new foreign group in the 9th century neither its and Croats are mentioned in detailed Frankish sources, Frankish military equipment doesn't indicate arrival of a new ethnic group neither was found on the territory of Obotrites in Vojvodina.